Authors
Hamid Najafipour,1 TayebehMalek Mohammadi,2,3 Foad Rahim,1 Ali Akbar Haghdoost,4
Mitra Shadkam,1 andMahdi Afshari4
Affiliations
Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Affiliations
1 Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
2 Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
3Dental Public Health Department, School of Dentistry, Shafa Street, Kerman, Iran
4Research Center for Modeling in Health, Institute of Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
2 Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
3Dental Public Health Department, School of Dentistry, Shafa Street, Kerman, Iran
4Research Center for Modeling in Health, Institute of Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
Abstract
Objectives. This study aimed to determine the association between some oral health status as a risk factor for cardiac diseases
and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a sample of Iranian population in 2011. Methods.The study recruited 5900
inhabitant aged 15–75 years old of Kerman city through a population based cluster sampling. Having collected informed consent,
participants were interviewed for CVD risk factors. Some oral health indicators such as, decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT),
gingival inflammation (GI) index, and community periodontal index (CPI) were assessed by clinical examination. The association
between oral health indices and CVD risk factors was assessed using multivariate regression models. Results. The mean age of
participants was 33.5 years, and 45.1% were male. Moderate gingival inflammation was observed in 69.7% of male and 65.4% of
female participants. Presence of sub- or supragingival calculus (CPI code 2) was more common (90%) in participants. Most of
CVD risk factors have a significant association with gingival and periodontal health before adjustment. But only older age (RR
from 2.7 to 3.88), cigarette smoking (RR = 1.49), and high blood glucose (RR = 1.41) showed an increased risk for oral diseases
after adjustment for different covariates including established CVD risk factors. Conclusion.The study results showed an increase
in periodontal diseases in the presence of some CVD risk factors.Therefore there may be a bilateral but independent association
for both conditions and common risk factor approach preventive program is highly recommended.
and other cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in a sample of Iranian population in 2011. Methods.The study recruited 5900
inhabitant aged 15–75 years old of Kerman city through a population based cluster sampling. Having collected informed consent,
participants were interviewed for CVD risk factors. Some oral health indicators such as, decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT),
gingival inflammation (GI) index, and community periodontal index (CPI) were assessed by clinical examination. The association
between oral health indices and CVD risk factors was assessed using multivariate regression models. Results. The mean age of
participants was 33.5 years, and 45.1% were male. Moderate gingival inflammation was observed in 69.7% of male and 65.4% of
female participants. Presence of sub- or supragingival calculus (CPI code 2) was more common (90%) in participants. Most of
CVD risk factors have a significant association with gingival and periodontal health before adjustment. But only older age (RR
from 2.7 to 3.88), cigarette smoking (RR = 1.49), and high blood glucose (RR = 1.41) showed an increased risk for oral diseases
after adjustment for different covariates including established CVD risk factors. Conclusion.The study results showed an increase
in periodontal diseases in the presence of some CVD risk factors.Therefore there may be a bilateral but independent association
for both conditions and common risk factor approach preventive program is highly recommended.